howMed Know Yourself
Antiepileptic drugs may be classified as follows: Classification (Chemical) Hydantoin derivatives Phenytoin Fosphenytoin Iminostilbenes Carbamazepine (only antiepileptic used in pregnancy) … Read More »
Pharmacology of Alcohols
Alcohols are manufactured by fermentation of sugar. Important alcoholic beverages are malted liquids like beer and wines. Classification Monohydroxy Ethyl … Read More »
Local Anesthetics
Definition Drugs which – produce a REVERSIBLE loss of sensation … – in a localized part of the body….. – … Read More »
Intravenous Anesthetics
Commonly used for induction because of rapid onset of action. They act within seconds and produce unconsciousness. There is no … Read More »
Nitrous Oxide and Cyclopropane
Chemical and Physical Properties a. Chemically it is dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) b. Odourless c. Colourless d. Heavier than air e. … Read More »
Methoxyflurane, Ethyl chloride, Trichloroethylene and Chloroform
Methoxyflurane It is highly nephrotoxic a. Part is metabolized by beta-lyase b. More than 30% is metabolized by liver producing … Read More »
Desflurane, Sevoflurane, Enflurane and Isoflurane
Desflurane Rapid onset & recovery Desflurane has low blood gas partition coefficient, thus rapid onset and recovery. Pungent / irritant … Read More »
Halothane
Chemical and Physical Properties Halogenated compound chemically. 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Volatile, so kept in sealed bottles Odorless Colorless Non-irritant Non-explosive Non-inflammable Light-sensitive, … Read More »
Inhalational Anesthetics
Mostly anesthetics are given intravenously, but different delivery systems are used for inhalational anesthetics: Mode of Delivery a. Open Drop … Read More »
General Anesthetics
General Anesthesia “Global but reversible depression of CNS function resulting in the loss of response to and perception of all … Read More »