howMed Know Yourself
WHO criteria for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction World Health Organization required at least two of the following criteria: (1) … Read More »
Acute Myocardial Infarction -Pathophysiology and Precipitating Factors
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a complete succession of events that starts with endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumation and migration of … Read More »
Nephrotic Syndrome -Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by excessive glomerular permeability to plasma proteins (proteinuria more than 3.5 g per day). Depending on … Read More »
Hypertension -Pathophysiology, Causes and Complications
Hypertension Classification Normal Blood Pressure <120 mm Hg systolic and <80 mm Hg diastolic Pre-hypertension 120 mm Hg systolic or … Read More »
Pleural Effusion -Etiology, Pathogenesis and Types
Etiology and Pathogenesis a. Increased hydrostatic pressure in visceral pleura Congestive heart failure b. Decreased oncotic pressure Nephrotic syndrome c. … Read More »
Oliguria and Anuria
Oliguria Oliguria is the passage of less than 400 mL of urine in 24 hours while anuria is the failure … Read More »
Diagnosis of Edema
The diagnosis of edema includes history, physical examination and lab investigations to find out the cause and rule out other … Read More »
Edema -Types, Pathophysiology and Causes
Edema Presence of increased fluid in the interstitial space of the extracellular fluid compartment is known as edema. It is … Read More »
Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome may be defined as: “It is a combination of medical disorders, that when occurring together increases the risk … Read More »
Risk Factors, Treatment and Complications of Hyperlipidemias
Risk Factors 1. Age 2. Genetics 3. Unhealthy diet 4. Physical inactivity 5. Obesity 6. Diseases Chronic diseases of kidney, … Read More »