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Pathology

Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction

WHO criteria for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction World Health Organization required at least two of the following criteria: (1) …

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Acute Myocardial Infarction -Pathophysiology and Precipitating Factors

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a complete succession of events that starts with endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumation and migration of …

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Nephrotic Syndrome -Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by excessive glomerular permeability to plasma proteins (proteinuria more than 3.5 g per day). Depending on …

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Hypertension -Pathophysiology, Causes and Complications

Hypertension Classification Normal Blood Pressure <120 mm Hg systolic and <80 mm Hg diastolic Pre-hypertension 120 mm Hg systolic or …

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Pleural Effusion -Etiology, Pathogenesis and Types

Etiology and Pathogenesis a. Increased hydrostatic pressure in visceral pleura Congestive heart failure b. Decreased oncotic pressure Nephrotic syndrome c. …

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Oliguria and Anuria

Oliguria Oliguria is the passage of less than 400 mL of urine in 24 hours while anuria is the failure …

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Diagnosis of Edema

The diagnosis of edema includes history, physical examination and lab investigations to find out the cause and rule out other …

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Edema -Types, Pathophysiology and Causes

Edema Presence of increased fluid in the interstitial space of the extracellular fluid compartment is known as edema. It is …

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Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome may be defined as: “It is a combination of medical disorders, that when occurring together increases the risk …

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Risk Factors, Treatment and Complications of Hyperlipidemias

Risk Factors 1. Age 2. Genetics 3. Unhealthy diet 4. Physical inactivity 5. Obesity 6. Diseases Chronic diseases of kidney, …

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